A standard ETH transfer costs exactly 21,000 gas units. An ERC20 token transfer (like USDT) typically costs between 45,000 and 65,000 gas units — roughly 2-3x more. More complex ERC20 operations like approvals, multi-hop swaps on Uniswap, or yield farming deposits can cost 100,000-500,000+ gas units, making fee calculation critical before execution.
USDT (Tether) on the Ethereum ERC20 standard is one of the most transferred tokens on the network. Its transfer function costs approximately 54,000-65,000 gas units. At a gas price of 5 Gwei and an ETH price of $2,000, a USDT transfer costs roughly $0.54-$0.65. During high congestion (20+ Gwei), the same transfer costs $2.16-$2.60.
Moving ERC20 transfers to Layer 2 networks like Arbitrum, Optimism, or Polygon reduces fees by 97-99%. A USDT transfer that costs $0.50 on Ethereum mainnet may cost $0.001-$0.005 on Arbitrum. For frequent traders and DeFi users, bridging assets to L2 is the single most effective fee reduction strategy available in 2026.